
Originally named Chi Kiang,
USS Tulip was intended for duty with China's military in
1863. The little steam-screw gunboat and its sister-ship, USS
Fuchsia, were constructed in the winter of 1862 by master
shipwright James C. Jewett of New York City. The ship was
registered as having two decks, two masts, and a round stern with
an eagle for its figurehead. The vessel measured 101.3 feet in length, 23
feet in breadth, with a loaded draft of 11.4 feet and weighed 240 tons. Designed as a screw steamer,
and the only extant example of its type, the ship was outfitted
with a two horizontal, direct-acting engine (two cylinders) and
two 15 feet-long fire-tube boilers.
In 1863, the U.S. Navy purchased Tulip for $30,000 and
moved it to the New York Navy Yard where its superstructure was
modified for a lower profile. Designated as a fourth-rate
gunboat, Tulip was assigned to the Potomac Flotilla Base,
where it served until lost 11 November 1864. Problems with the
starboard boiler were ignored by the ship's captain, Captain
Smith, in his desire for a speedy voyage up the Potomac River to
the Anacostia Naval Base for repairs. With a full head of steam
in both boilers, the starboard boiler exploded and the vessel
sank just off Ragged Point, Virginia.
Maryland Maritime Archaeology Program (MMAP) staff, Uwe Lowas,
and several volunteers relocated Tulip in May of 1994 and
dove on the vessel in June. In August 1995, under a Department of
Defense Legacy Resource Management Program Grant, the Maryland
Maritime Archaeology Program crew returned to the site for a
three-day reconnoiter to study site conditions and record the
wreck's structure. The results of that brief visit were
incorporated into the planning of a full- scale remote sensing
and video taping of the site in October of 1996. All classes of
artifacts have been recovered, including armament, military
uniforms, navigation equipment, kitchen items, toiletry items,
medicinal bottles, ship's hardware, tools and engine room items.